Preface |
|
xxiii | |
Acknowledgments |
|
xxv | |
Abbreviations |
|
xxvii | |
|
|
1 | |
|
|
7 | |
|
Why Infrastructure Matters |
|
|
7 | |
|
Trends in Infrastructure
Financing |
|
|
10 | |
|
|
17 | |
|
|
17 | |
|
|
19 | |
|
|
21 | |
|
Investor Type: Geographic Location |
|
|
26 | |
|
|
28 | |
|
Achievements and Moving
Forward |
|
|
35 | |
|
3 LEARNING FROM EXISTING LITERATURE |
|
|
43 | |
|
|
44 | |
|
|
45 | |
|
|
45 | |
|
Access to Services and
Coverage |
|
|
46 | |
|
|
46 | |
|
|
47 | |
|
|
48 | |
|
Productivity and Financial
Solvency |
|
|
49 | |
|
Distributional Impact and Consumer Welfare |
|
|
50 | |
|
4 FILLING GAPS WITH NEW DATA SETS AND METHODOLOGIES |
|
|
57 | |
|
|
58 | |
|
Performance Indicators Data Set |
|
|
58 | |
|
Contract and Regulatory Characteristics Data Set |
|
|
60 | |
|
LAC Electricity Benchmarking Database |
|
|
60 | |
|
New Methodology: Separating
Transition versus Long-Run Effects |
|
|
67 | |
|
New Methodology: Distinguishing
Levels from Trends |
|
|
68 | |
|
Means and Medians Analysis |
|
|
70 | |
|
|
71 | |
|
Adding Contract and Regulatory Characteristics |
|
|
73 | |
|
Endogeneity and Selection Bias |
|
|
74 | |
|
5 THE IMPACT ON ELECTRICITY DISTRIBUTION |
|
|
79 | |
|
|
79 | |
|
The Privatization Process |
|
|
79 | |
|
|
90 | |
|
Impact on Output and Coverage |
|
|
90 | |
|
Electricity Distribution: Output and Coverage Summary |
|
|
90 | |
|
|
90 | |
|
|
93 | |
|
|
95 | |
|
|
98 | |
|
Electricity Distribution: Employment Summary |
|
|
98 | |
|
Impact on Labor Productivity and Efficiency |
|
|
101 | |
|
Electricity Distribution: Labor Productivity and Efficiency Summary |
|
|
101 | |
|
|
101 | |
|
|
102 | |
|
|
106 | |
|
Electricity Distribution: Price Summary |
|
|
106 | |
|
|
109 | |
|
Electricity Distribution: Quality Summary |
|
|
109 | |
|
|
114 | |
|
6 THE IMPACT ON FIXED-LINE
TELECOMMUNICATIONS |
|
|
117 | |
|
|
117 | |
|
The Privatization Process |
|
|
118 | |
|
|
120 | |
|
Impact on Output and Coverage |
|
|
122 | |
|
Telecommunications: Output and Coverage Summary |
|
|
122 | |
|
|
122 | |
|
|
124 | |
|
|
126 | |
|
|
129 | |
|
Telecommunications: Employment Summary |
|
|
129 | |
|
Impact on Labor Productivity and Efficiency |
|
|
131 | |
|
Telecommunications: Labor Productivity and Efficiency Summary |
|
|
131 | |
|
|
132 | |
|
|
136 | |
|
|
138 | |
|
Telecommunications: Price Summary |
|
|
138 | |
|
|
141 | |
|
Telecommunications: Quality Summary |
|
|
141 | |
|
Liberalization and Competition |
|
|
144 | |
|
Telecommunications: Liberalization and Competition Summary |
|
|
144 | |
|
|
148 | |
|
Competition from Mobile Service Providers |
|
|
149 | |
|
|
151 | |
|
7 THE IMPACT ON WATER
AND SEWERAGE |
|
|
153 | |
|
|
153 | |
|
The Privatization Process |
|
|
153 | |
|
|
155 | |
|
Impact on Output and Coverage |
|
|
157 | |
|
Water and Sewerage: Output and Coverage Summary |
|
|
157 | |
|
|
159 | |
|
|
159 | |
|
|
161 | |
|
|
165 | |
|
Water and Sewerage: Employment Summary |
|
|
165 | |
|
Impact on Labor Productivity and Efficiency |
|
|
166 | |
|
Water and Sewerage: Labor Productivity and Efficiency Summary |
|
|
166 | |
|
|
166 | |
|
|
171 | |
|
|
173 | |
|
Water and Sewerage: Price Summary |
|
|
173 | |
|
|
176 | |
|
Water and Sewerage: Quality Summary |
|
|
176 | |
|
|
178 | |
|
|
178 | |
|
|
180 | |
|
8 AN ASSESSMENT OF THE
ELECTRICITY DISTRIBUTION PERFORMANCE OF PRIVATE AND PUBLIC UTILITIES |
|
|
185 | |
|
|
185 | |
|
|
186 | |
|
|
187 | |
|
|
187 | |
|
|
187 | |
|
|
190 | |
|
|
190 | |
|
|
195 | |
|
Top 10 Percent and Bottom 10 Percent Performers |
|
|
199 | |
|
|
199 | |
|
|
199 | |
|
|
203 | |
|
|
203 | |
|
|
203 | |
|
9 DETERMINANTS OF IMPACT: REGULATORY AND CONTRACT VARIABLES |
|
|
207 | |
|
|
207 | |
|
|
209 | |
|
Autonomy of Regulatory Body |
|
|
211 | |
|
Duration of Regulatory Body Appointments |
|
|
212 | |
|
|
214 | |
|
|
215 | |
|
|
218 | |
|
|
219 | |
10 CONCLUSION |
|
223 | |
|
Key Methodological Contributions |
|
|
223 | |
|
|
224 | |
|
|
228 | |
|
Critical Elements to Be Introduced in Moving Forward to Secure Success and Maximum Benefit
of Private Participation Programs |
|
|
233 | |
|
Improved Institutionality |
|
|
233 | |
|
Improved Contract and Concession Design |
|
|
233 | |
|
|
235 | |
|
|
235 | |
|
Conflict Resolution Mechanism |
|
|
236 | |
|
|
236 | |
|
Transparency and Communications |
|
|
236 | |
|
Evaluation and Monitoring |
|
|
236 | |
APPENDIXES |
|
|
|
239 | |
|
2 DETAILS OF ECONOMETRIC APPROACH |
|
|
253 | |
|
Adding Contract and Regulatory Characteristics |
|
|
255 | |
|
|
256 | |
|
|
257 | |
|
3 DETAILED RESULTS OF EMPIRICAL ANALYSIS |
|
|
259 | |
|
4 SUMMARY OF POWER MARKET REFORMS IN LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN |
|
|
303 | |
|
|
315 | |
Bibliography |
|
321 | |
Index |
|
329 | |